Hyderabad
Hyderabad is the capital city of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. Situated in in the Telangana region of Andhra Pradesh, the city has an estimated population of 6.1 million people (61 lakh), making it the 6th most populous metropolis in India. Hyderabad is known for its rich history, culture and architecture representing its unique characteristic of a meeting point for North India|North and South India, and its multi-lingual culture, both geographically and culturally. Hyderabad has been a place where Hindus and Muslims have co-existed peacefully for centuries.
Hyderabad is also one of the most developed cities in the country. It is an emerging information technology (or IT) and biotechnology hub of India. Hyderabad and Secunderabad are twin cities, separated by the Hussain Sagar (bound by the 'Tank Bund'), a man made lake made during the time of Ibrahim Qutb Shah in 1562. The Charminar (Urdu: "Four Minars") monument, built in the center of Hyderabad by Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah in 1591, is a commemoration of the eradication of a plague in the region.
Further background information can be found in the Wikipedia article about Hyderabad.
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Hyderabad on semanticweb.org
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DiversiWeb 2011, SWECKA2007, IJCAI2007[edit] History
Sultan Quli Qutb Mulk was the founder of the Qutb Shahi dynasty, the ruling family of Golconda Sultanate. The dynasty, previously a feudatory of Bahmani sultanate, declared independence in 1512. Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah, a ruler of the dynasty found the city of Hyderabad on the banks of the Musi River in the present day Andhra Pradesh in 1590; this relocation was intended to relieve a water shortage the dynasty had experienced at their old headquarters at Golconda. He also ordered the construction of the Char Minar, the iconic monument of the city, in 1591, reportedly in gratitude to the almighty for arresting the plague epidemic before it did irreversible damage to his new city. As Qutb Shahi power and fortune rose during the 16th and early 17th centuries, Hyderabad became a center of a vibrant diamond trade. They contributed to the growth and development of Indo-Persian and Indo-Islamic literature and culture in Hyderabad. Some of the sultans were known as patrons of local Telugu culture as well. In the 16th century the city grew to accommodate the surplus population of Golconda and eventually became the capital of the Qutb Shahi rulers. Hyderabad became known for its gardens (called baghs) and its comfortable climate.
Mughal emperor Aurangzeb captured Hyderabad in 1687. During the short Mughal rule, the fortune of Hyderabad declined. Soon, the Mughal-appointed governors of the city gained more autonomy. In 1724, Asaf Jah I, who was granted the title Nizam-ul-Mulk ("governor of the country") by the Mughal emperor, defeated a rival official to establish control over Hyderabad. Thus began the Asaf Jahi dynasty that would rule Hyderabad until a year after India's independence from Britain. Asaf Jah's successors ruled as Nizams of Hyderabad. The rule of the seven Nizams saw the growth of Hyderabad both culturally and economically. Hyderabad became the formal capital of the kingdom and Golconda, the former capital, was all but abandoned. Huge reservoirs, like the Nizam Sagar, Tungabadra, Osman Sagar, Himayat Sagar, and others were built. Survey work on Nagarjuna Sagar had also begun during this time.
When India gained independence in 1947, under the terms of independence from the British, the State of Hyderabad headed by the Prime Minister, the cabinet and the Nizam opted for independence, either as a sovereign ruler or by acquiring Dominion status within the British Empire.
India then enforced an economic blockade. As a result Hyderabad state signed a Standstill Agreement with the Indian Union. On September 17, 1948, more than a year after India had gained independence, the Nizam signed the Instrument of Accession to the Indian Union.
On November 1, 1956, the states of India were reorganized on linguistic grounds. The territories of the State of Hyderabad were divided between newly created Andhra Pradesh, Bombay state (later Maharashtra), and Karnataka. Hyderabad and the surrounding areas were added to Andhra Pradesh, based on the Telugu speaking community. Thus, Hyderabad became the capital city of the new state of Andhra Pradesh.
