KWTR: Semantic Grid

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Main Contributors:

Carole Goble- University of Manchester (UoM) (carole@cs.man.ac.uk)

Oscar Corcho - University of Manchester (UoM) (ocorcho@cs.man.ac.uk)

See the list of contributors

  • 1. CURRENT TRENDS IN SEMANTIC WEB (In the following part we intend to identify the state of the art of Semantic Web based theories, methods, applications and tools in your research field.)
    • 1.1. One or more examples (case studies) in which semantic web has been used. 
  Name of the institutions: University of Manchester
  Industry / sector: Car insurance, Satellites
  Business activities improved by the SW solutions: no one
  Research Needs: Annotation, Grid middleware, negotiation
  Name of the project: OntoGrid
  Tools and applications implemented in the project: S-OGSA, WS-DAIOnt, Atlas, Knowledge Parser
    • 1.2. The first 4 Semantic Web based tools used in your research fields. 
Name: Protégé
Website: http://protege.stanford.edu/
White paper: 
Main characteristics: 
Open problems: 
Not a good management of several ontologies at the same time -- high relevance -- will be solved in the medium term

                    
Name: OWL API
Website: http://owl.man.ac.uk/api.shtml
White paper: http://owl.man.ac.uk/api.shtml
Main characteristics: Java API to manage OWL ontologies
Open problems: 
Not active maintenance-- high relevance -- will be solved in the long term
Not strong user community-- low relevance -- will be solved in the long term
Scalability-- high relevance -- will be solved in the medium term

Name: Sesame API
Website: http://www.openrdf.org
White paper: 
Main characteristics: Java API to manage OWL ontologies
Open problems: 
Scalability-- high relevance -- will be solved in the medium term
                                            
Name: Pellet OWL reasoner
Website: http://www.mindswap.org/2003/pellet/
White paper: http://www.mindswap.org/2003/pellet/
Main characteristics: DIG-compliant OWL reasoner
Open problems: 
No full support to OWL DL constructs -- high relevance -- will be solved in the medium term
    • 1.3. A short summary of the first 3 best papers in the field. 
Reference:  De Roure, D. Jennings, N.R. Shadbolt, N.R. The Semantic Grid: Past, Present, 
and Future, Proceedings of the IEEE, Volume 93, Issue 3, March 2005, Pages 669-681, ISSN: 0018-9219
Short abstract: Grid computing offers significant enhancements to our capabilities for 
computation, information processing, and collaboration, and has exciting ambitions in many fields 
of endeavor. In this paper, we argue that the full richness of the Grid vision, with its application 
in e-Science, e-Research, or e-Business, requires the “Semantic Grid.” The Semantic Grid is an extension 
of the current Grid in which information and services are given well-defined meaning, better enabling 
computers and people to work in cooperation.



Reference:  Proceedings of Dagstuhl Seminar 05271 on Semantic Grid, held July 3-8 2005 
in Schloss Dagstuhl International Conference and Research Center for Computer Science, Germany,  
http://drops.dagstuhl.de/portals/05271/.
Short abstract: The scientific paradigms of the Semantic Web, Web Services, Agents, 
Peer-to-Peer Networks and Grid Computing are currently receiving a lot of attention in the 
research community, and are producing solutions to important problems ranging from e-science 
to e-business. The United States DAML program, the European Commission and other organisations 
have also been investing heavily in these technologies. This Dagstuhl Seminar brought together 
world-leading experts from the diverse organizations and research areas. It strengthened the 
international collaboration with the aim to realize the vision of the Semantic Grid.

Reference: An overview of S-OGSA: a Reference Semantic Grid Architecture. Corcho O, 
Alper P, Kotsiopoulos I, Missier P, Bechhofer S, Goble C. Journal of Web Semantics. In press.
Short abstract: The Semantic Grid is an extension of the Grid in which rich resource 
metadata is exposed and handled explicitly, and shared and managed via Grid protocols. 
The layering of an explicit semantic infrastructure over the Grid Infrastructure 
potentially leads to increased interoperability and greater flexibility. The Semantic Grid lacks 
a reference architecture or any kind of systematic framework for designing Semantic Grid 
components or applications. The Open Grid Service Architecture (OGSA) aims to define a core 
set of capabilities and behaviours for Grid systems. We propose a Reference Architecture that 
extends OGSA to support the explicit handling of semantics, and defines the associated knowledge 
services to support a spectrum of service capabilities. Guided by a set of design principles, 
Semantic-OGSA (S-OGSA) defines a model, the capabilities and the mechanisms for the Semantic Grid

Others: Others are available at: http://www.semanticgrid.org/
    • 1.4. A short list of open problems in theories and methods. 
* Virtual organisation management -- high relevance -- will be solved in the medium term
* Management of metadata high relevance -- will be solved in the long term
  • 2. TRENDS ON THEORIES AND METHODS, SERVICES AND APPLICATIONS
    • 2.1. Research projects in which contributors are involved, along with a general description. Moreover, suggest for each project the possible future uses and applications related to the Semantic Web, the acceptance and diffusion in each period considered, the benefits, and the problems that will be probably occur. 
Name of the project: OntoGrid
Type: EU R&D project
Duration: 3 years (September 2004 – August 2007)
Partners: 
Research Institution: 
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 
University of Manchester, 
University of Liverpool, 
National and Kapodistrian University of Athenas 
Industrial Partners: Boyd International, Deimos Space S.L., 
Intelligent Software Components S.A., Y’All
Core activities: 
* Semantic Grid architecture -- high relevance -- will be solved in the short term
* Grid-compliant semantic technology -- high relevance -- will be solved in the medium term
* Satellite mission planning use case -- high relevance -- will be solved in the long term
* Insurance settlement use case -- high relevance -- will be solved in the long term
Market opportunities: 
* Insurance companies: insurance settlement and fraud detection 
  -- in the short term very low acceptance and diffusion in the market
  -- in the medium term medium acceptance and diffusion in the market
  -- in the long term (10 years) very high acceptance and diffusion in the market
* Satellite mission companies: data quality analysis 
  -- in the short term very low acceptance and diffusion in the market
  -- in the medium term low acceptance and diffusion in the market
  -- in the long term (10 years) medium acceptance and diffusion in the market
Benefits for industry and practitioners: 
New added value (insurance companies). Cost reduction -- high relevance
New added value (satellite). Data quality improvement -- medium relevance
Technological Problems (missing theories and methods):"
Semantic Grid architecture -- high relevance -- will be solved in the short term
Semantic Grid middleware -- high relevance -- will be solved in the long term

Name of the project: myGrid
Type: UK EPSRC R&D project
Duration: 3 years (September 2004 – August 2007)
Partners: University of Manchester, 
Core activities: 
* Scientific workflow design and execution -- high relevance -- will be solved in the short term
* Provenance storage and browsing -- high relevance -- will be solved in the short term
* Service discovery and composition -- high relevance -- will be solved in the medium term
 Market opportunities: 
* e-Science 
  -- in the short term high acceptance and diffusion in the market
  -- in the medium term high acceptance and diffusion in the market
  -- in the long term (10 years) very high acceptance and diffusion in the market
Benefits for industry and practitioners: 
Added value. Time reduction for experiment design and running -- very high relevance
Added value. Better understanding and comparison of workflow runs -- high relevance
Technological Problems (missing theories and methods):"
Provenance browsing and comparison -- high relevance -- will be solved in the medium term
Service discovery and composition -- high relevance -- will be solved in the long term

Other projects: InteliGrid, KWfGrid (EU-funded); KEPLER (US-funded)


    • 2.2. Some topics that will not be solved in short and medium term, for each of them there is a short explanation of the main reasons and (if possible) some references. 
Topics: Distributed management of ontologies
Reason: IManagement of networked ontologies (ontologies that refer 
to many others available on the Semantic Web) is still a problem with the 
current infrastructure, which is not able to deal correctly with them. This 
includes not only edition but also use (reasoning, maintenance, etc.) 
References: NeOn project (EU) 

Topics: Enlightenment of processes, so that they can acquire or discard semantics easily
Reason: Current processes are either semantic-aware or semantic-ignorant,
but no protocols have been defined yet for making them able to acquire or discard 
semantics while they are running so that they can have different behaviours at each time.
References: (Corcho et al., 2006), identified above
  • 3. TRENDS ON TOOLS
    • 3.1. A list of the most relevant semantic based demos in the area. 
Name: Authorisation in S-OGSA
Description: TA system that is able to use semantics (namely annotations 
and DL reasoning) in order to permit or deny access to Grid resources
Website: Demoed at ESWC2006. Available from OntoGrid’s web site: http://www.ontogrid.net/
References: Demo at ESWC2006
Main features:
* Ecosystem of semantic-aware and semantic-ignorant services
* Standard PDP, PEP and PIP interfaces
Open problems:
* Scalability
* Large scale adoption
* Open vs closed-world assumption

Name: WS-DAIOnt
Description: TAn interface for accessing RDF(S) ontologies independently of the storage API used
Website: http://www.ontogrid.net
References: Demo at ESWC2006
Main features:
* WSRF-based access to ontologies
Open problems:
* Scalability
* Management of networked ontologies


    • 3.2. A short description of tools that are still missing. A description of business activities and problems they should solve, will be provided.

none

  • 4.Please fell free to add any comment or suggestion.

none

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